Browse the Constitution Annotated
First Amendment
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Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.
- Amdt1.1 The Religion Clauses
- Amdt1.1.1 The Religion Clauses: Historical Background
- Amdt1.1.2 Establishment Clause
- Amdt1.1.2.1 Establishment Clause: Doctrine and Practice
- Amdt1.1.2.1.1 Current Establishment Clause Issues
- Amdt1.1.2.1.1.1 Financial Assistance to Religion
- Amdt1.1.2.1.1.1.1 Financial Assistance to Church-Related Institutions
- Amdt1.1.2.1.1.1.2 Tax Exemptions of Religious Property
- Amdt1.1.2.1.1.2 Non-Financial Assistance to Religion
- Amdt1.1.2.1.1.2.1 Governmental Encouragement of Religion in Public Schools: Released Time
- Amdt1.1.2.1.1.2.2 Governmental Encouragement of Religion in Public Schools: Prayers and Bible Reading
- Amdt1.1.2.1.1.2.3 Governmental Encouragement of Religion in Public Schools: Curriculum Restriction
- Amdt1.1.2.1.1.2.4 Access of Religious Groups to Public Property
- Amdt1.1.2.1.1.2.5 Exemption of Religious Organizations from Generally Applicable Laws
- Amdt1.1.2.1.1.2.6 Sunday Closing Laws
- Amdt1.1.2.1.1.2.7 Conscientious Objection
- Amdt1.1.2.1.1.2.8 Regulation of Religious Solicitation
- Amdt1.1.2.1.1.2.9 Religion in Governmental Observances
- Amdt1.1.2.1.1.2.10 Religious Displays on Government Property
- Amdt1.1.2.1.1.2.11 Non-Financial Assistance to Religion: Trump v. Hawaii
- Amdt1.1.2.1.1.2.12 Non-Financial Assistance to Religion: Miscellaneous
- Amdt1.1.2.1.1.1 Financial Assistance to Religion
- Amdt1.1.2.1.1 Current Establishment Clause Issues
- Amdt1.1.2.1 Establishment Clause: Doctrine and Practice
- Amdt1.1.3 Relationship Between Establishment Clause and Free Speech Clause
- Amdt1.1.4 Free Exercise Clause
- Amdt1.1.4.1 Free Exercise Clause: Overview
- Amdt1.1.4.2 Free Exercise Clause: Doctrine and Practice
- Amdt1.1.4.2.1 Facially Neutral Laws that Interfere With Religious Practice
- Amdt1.1.4.2.1.1 Facially Neutral Laws that Interfere With Religious Practice: Early Doctrine
- Amdt1.1.4.2.1.2 Facially Neutral Laws that Interfere With Religious Practice: Doctrine during 1960s through 1980s
- Amdt1.1.4.2.1.3 Facially Neutral Laws that Interfere With Religious Practice: Current Doctrine
- Amdt1.1.4.2.2 Laws That Require Government Involvement in Resolving Religious Disputes
- Amdt1.1.4.2.3 Laws that Facially Discriminate Against Religious Practices
- Amdt1.1.4.2.1 Facially Neutral Laws that Interfere With Religious Practice
- Amdt1.2 Freedom of Speech
- Amdt1.2.1 Freedom of Speech: Historical Background
- Amdt1.2.2 Procedural Matters and Freedom of Speech
- Amdt1.2.2.1 Procedural Matters and Freedom of Speech: Overbreadth
- Amdt1.2.2.2 Procedural Matters and Freedom of Speech: Vagueness
- Amdt1.2.2.3 Procedural Matters and Freedom of Speech: Prior Restraints
- Amdt1.2.2.4 Procedural Matters and Freedom of Speech: State Action
- Amdt1.2.3 Categorical Approach
- Amdt1.2.3.1 Advocacy of Illegal Conduct
- Amdt1.2.3.1.1 Advocacy of Illegal Conduct: Overview
- Amdt1.2.3.1.2 Advocacy of Illegal Conduct: Doctrine and Practice
- Amdt1.2.3.1.2.1 Advocacy of Illegal Conduct: Early Doctrine
- Amdt1.2.3.1.2.2 Advocacy of Illegal Conduct: Movement from Clear and Present Danger Test
- Amdt1.2.3.1.2.3 Advocacy of Illegal Conduct: Current Doctrine
- Amdt1.2.3.2 Fighting Words, Hostile Audiences and True Threats
- Amdt1.2.3.2.1 Fighting Words, Hostile Audiences and True Threats: Overview
- Amdt1.2.3.3 Defamation and False Statements
- Amdt1.2.3.3.1 Defamation and False Statements: Overview
- Amdt1.2.3.3.2 Defamation and False Statements: Select Topics for Consideration
- Amdt1.2.3.3.2.1 Invasions of Privacy
- Amdt1.2.3.4 Obscenity
- Amdt1.2.3.4.1 Obscenity: Overview
- Amdt1.2.3.4.2 Obscenity: Select Topics for Consideration
- Amdt1.2.3.4.2.1 Zoning Decisions
- Amdt1.2.3.4.2.2 Child Pornography
- Amdt1.2.3.4.2.3 Public Indecency and Nudity
- Amdt1.2.3.5 Commercial Speech
- Amdt1.2.3.5.1 Commercial Speech: Overview
- Amdt1.2.3.1 Advocacy of Illegal Conduct
- Amdt1.2.4 Content Based and Content Neutral Regulation of Speech
- Amdt1.2.4.1 Content Based and Content Neutral Regulation of Speech: Doctrine and Practice
- Amdt1.2.4.1.1 Content Based Regulation
- Amdt1.2.4.1 Content Based and Content Neutral Regulation of Speech: Doctrine and Practice
- Amdt1.2.5 Viewpoint Based Discrimination
- Amdt1.2.5.1 Viewpoint Based Discrimination: Overview
- Amdt1.2.6 Government-Owned Property
- Amdt1.2.6.1 Government-Owned Property: Doctrine and Practice
- Amdt1.2.6.1.1 Government-Owned Property: Early Doctrine
- Amdt1.2.6.1 Government-Owned Property: Doctrine and Practice
- Amdt1.2.7 Government-Owned Property
- Amdt1.2.7.1 Government-Owned Property: Select Topics for Consideration
- Amdt1.2.7.1.1 Government Speech Doctrine
- Amdt1.2.7.1 Government-Owned Property: Select Topics for Consideration
- Amdt1.2.8 Freedom of Speech and the Role of the Government
- Amdt1.2.8.1 Freedom of Speech and the Role of the Government: Overview
- Amdt1.2.8.2 Freedom of Speech and the Role of the Government: Doctrine and Practice
- Amdt1.2.8.2.1 Freedom of Speech and the Role of the Government: Government as Employer
- Amdt1.2.8.2.2 Freedom of Speech and the Role of the Government: Government as Educator
- Amdt1.2.8.2.3 Freedom of Speech and the Role of the Government: Government as Imprisoner
- Amdt1.2.9 Regulation of the Media
- Amdt1.2.9.1 Regulation of the Media: Overview
- Amdt1.2.10 Political Speech
- Amdt1.2.10.1 Political Speech: Select Topics for Consideration
- Amdt1.2.10.1.1 Campaign Finance and Electoral Process
- Amdt1.2.10.1.2 Lobbying
- Amdt1.2.10.1.3 Legislative Investigations
- Amdt1.2.10.1 Political Speech: Select Topics for Consideration
- Amdt1.2.11 Compelled Speech
- Amdt1.2.11.1 Compelled Speech: Overview
- Amdt1.2.11.2 Compelled Speech: Select Topics for Consideration
- Amdt1.2.11.2.1 Compelled Subsidization Doctrine
- Amdt1.2.11.2.2 Unconstitutional Conditions
- Amdt1.2.12 Symbolic Speech
- Amdt1.2.12.1 Symbolic Speech: Overview
- Amdt1.2.12.2 Symbolic Speech: Doctrine and Practice
- Amdt1.2.12.2.1 Doctrine and Practice of Symbolic Speech: Overview
- Amdt1.2.12.2.2 Symbolic Speech: Current Doctrine
- Amdt1.2.12.3 Symbolic Speech: Select Topics for Consideration
- Amdt1.2.12.3.1 Solicitation
- Amdt1.2.12.3.2 Protests and Marches
- Amdt1.2.13 Freedom of Association
- Amdt1.2.13.1 Freedom of Association: Overview
- Amdt1.3 Freedom of Press
- Amdt1.3.1 Freedom of Press: Overview
- Amdt1.3.2 Freedom of Press: Select Topics for Consideration
- Amdt1.3.2.1 Protection of Confidential Sources
- Amdt1.3.2.2 Right to Access Government Places and Papers
- Amdt1.4 Freedom of Assembly and Petition
- Amdt1.4.1 Freedom of Assembly and Petition: Overview