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ArtI.S1.1.3.1 Foreign Affairs
Article I, Section 1: All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. That the delegation of di. . .
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ArtI.S1.1.3.2 Military
Article I, Section 1: All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. Superintendence of the mi. . .
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ArtI.S1.1.4.1 Delegations to the States
Article I, Section 1: All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United , which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives. Beginning in the Nations early . . .
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ArtI.S2.C1.1 Organization of the House of Representatives
Article I, Section 2, Clause 1: The House of shall be composed of Members chosen every second Year by the People of the several States, and the Electors in each State shall have the Qualifications r. . .
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ArtI.S6.C2.2 Incompatibility Clause
Article I, Section 6, 2: No Senator or Representative shall, during the Time for which he was elected, be appointed to any civil Office under the Authority of the United States, which shall have bee. . .
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ArtI.S8.C4.1.2.1 Expatriation
Article I, Section 8, Clause 4: The Congress shall have Power . . . To establish an uniform Rule of Naturalization, and uniform Laws on the subject of Bankruptcies throughout the United States; . . .. . .
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ArtI.S10.C3.2 States and Military Affairs
Article I, Section 10, Clause 3: No State shall, without the Consent of Congress, lay any Duty of Tonnage, keep Troops, or Ships of War in time of Peace, enter into any Agreement or Compact with anot. . .
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ArtII.S2.C1.1.1 Commander in Chief Power: Historical Background
Article II, Section 2, Clause 1: The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the Militia of the several States, when called into the actual Service of . . .
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ArtII.S2.C1.1.2 Commander in Chief Power: Doctrine and Practice
Article II, Section 2, Clause 1: The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the Militia of the several States, when called into the actual Service of . . .
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ArtII.S2.C1.1.3.1 Imposing Martial Law
Article II, Section 2, Clause 1: The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the Militia of the several States, when called into the actual Service of . . .
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ArtII.S2.C1.1.3.2 Provision for Detention and Trial of Prisoners of War and Enemy Combatants
Article II, Section 2, Clause 1: The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the Militia of the several States, when called into the actual Service of . . .
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ArtII.S2.C2.2.1.1 Appointing Ambassadors, Ministers, and Consuls
Article II, Section 2, Clause 2: He shall have Power, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, to make Treaties, provided two thirds of the Senators present concur; and he shall nominate, an. . .
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ArtII.S2.C2.2.1.2 Establishment of Offices and Officers Not Provided for in Constitution
Article II, Section 2, Clause 2: He shall have Power, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, to make Treaties, provided two thirds of the Senators present concur; and he shall nominate, an. . .
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ArtII.S2.C2.2.1.3.1 Legal Requirement When Appointing and Officer
Article II, Section 2, Clause 2: He shall have Power, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, to make Treaties, provided two thirds of the Senators present concur; and he shall nominate, an. . .
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ArtII.S2.C2.2.1.3.2 Distinguishing Between Officers and Non-Officers
Article II, Section 2, Clause 2: He shall have Power, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, to make Treaties, provided two thirds of the Senators present concur; and he shall nominate, an. . .
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ArtII.S2.C2.2.1.3.3 Alterations to the Duties of an Officer
Article II, Section 2, Clause 2: He shall have Power, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, to make Treaties, provided two thirds of the Senators present concur; and he shall nominate, an. . .
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ArtII.S2.C2.2.1.4 Appointing Inferior Officers
Article II, Section 2, Clause 2: He shall have Power, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, to make Treaties, provided two thirds of the Senators present concur; and he shall nominate, an. . .
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ArtII.S2.C2.2.1.5.1 Removing Officers: Doctrine During 1930s
Article II, Section 2, Clause 2: He shall have Power, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, to make Treaties, provided two thirds of the Senators present concur; and he shall nominate, an. . .
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ArtII.S2.C2.2.1.5.2 Removing Officers: Current Doctrine
Article II, Section 2, Clause 2: He shall have Power, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, to make Treaties, provided two thirds of the Senators present concur; and he shall nominate, an. . .
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20. Article II Section 3ArtII.S3.1.3.1 Take Care Clause: OverviewArticle II, Section 3: He shall from time to time give to the Congress Information of the State of the Union, and recommend to their Consideration such Measures as he shall judge necessary and expedi. . .
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21. Article II Section 3ArtII.S3.1.3.2.1 Take Care Clause: Impoundment of FundsArticle II, Section 3: He shall from time to time give to the Congress Information of the State of the Union, and recommend to their Consideration such Measures as he shall judge necessary and expedi. . .
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22. Article II Section 4ArtII.S4.1.1 Impeachment and Removal from Office: OverviewArticle II, Section 4: The President, Vice President and all civil Officers of the United States, shall be removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason, Bribery, or other high C. . .
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23. Article II Section 4ArtII.S4.1.2.1 Offices Eligible for ImpeachmentArticle II, Section 4: The President, Vice President and all civil Officers of the United States, shall be removed from Office on for, and Conviction of, Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and M. . .
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24. First AmendmentAmdt1.2.1 Freedom of Speech: Historical BackgroundFirst Amendment: Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the. . .
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25. First AmendmentAmdt1.4.1 Freedom of Assembly and Petition: OverviewFirst Amendment: Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the. . .
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26. Second AmendmentAmdt2.1 Second Amendment: Doctrine and PracticeSecond Amendment: A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms shall not be infringed. For over 200 years, despite extensiv. . .
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27. Third AmendmentAmdt3.1 Third Amendment: In GeneralThird Amendment: No Soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the Owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law. There has been no Supreme. . .
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28. Fifth AmendmentAmdt5.1.1.1 Grand Jury Clause: Historical BackgroundFifth Amendment: No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forc. . .
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29. Fifth AmendmentAmdt5.1.1.2 Grand Jury Clause: Doctrine and PracticeFifth Amendment: No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forc. . .
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30. Fifth AmendmentAmdt5.1.2 Military Exception to the Grand Jury ClauseFifth Amendment: No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forc. . .
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31. Fifth AmendmentAmdt5.4.1 Right to Due Process: OverviewFifth Amendment: No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forc. . .
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32. Fifth AmendmentAmdt5.4.2 Right to Due Process: Historical BackgroundFifth Amendment: No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forc. . .
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33. Fifth AmendmentAmdt5.4.4.3.1 What Process is Due when a Deprivation Occurs: Pre-Modern DoctrineFifth Amendment: No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forc. . .
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Amdt13.S2.1.1.1 Enforcement Clause: Overview
Thirteenth Amendment, Section 2: Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation. This Amendment . . . is undoubtedly self-executing without any ancillary legislation, so. . .
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Amdt13.S2.1.1.2.1 Enforcement Clause: Early Doctrine
Thirteenth Amendment, Section 2: Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation. Certain early cases suggested broad congressional powers, but the Civil Rights Cases of . . .
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Amdt13.S2.1.1.2.2 Enforcement Clause: Current Doctrine
Thirteenth Amendment, Section 2: Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation. Hodges was overruled by the Court in a far-reaching decision that concluded that the 186. . .
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Amdt14.S1.4.2.3.1.1.1 Gender Classifications: Doctrine from 1870s to 1960s
Fourteenth Amendment, Section 1: All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside.. . .
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Amdt14.S1.4.2.3.1.1.2 Gender Classifications: Doctrine during 1970s
Fourteenth Amendment, Section 1: All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside.. . .
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Amdt14.S1.4.2.3.1.2.1 Gender Classifications: General Approach
Fourteenth Amendment, Section 1: All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside.. . .
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Amdt14.S1.4.2.3.1.2.2 Facially Non-Neutral Laws that Benefit Women
Fourteenth Amendment, Section 1: All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside.. . .
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Amdt14.S1.4.3.3.3.1.1 Dillution of the Right to Vote: General Approach
Fourteenth Amendment, Section 1: All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside.. . .
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Amdt14.S1.4.3.3.3.1.2 Partisan Gerrymandering
Fourteenth Amendment, Section 1: All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside.. . .
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Amdt14.S1.4.3.3.3.1.3 Inequalities Within a State
Fourteenth Amendment, Section 1: All persons born or naturalized in the United s, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United s and of the wherein they reside. No shall make. . .
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Amdt14.S3.1.1 Disqualification Clause
Fourteenth Amendment, Section 3: No Person shall be a Senator or Representative in Congress, or elector of President and Vice-President, or hold any office, civil or military, under the United States. . .
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Amdt14.S4.1.1 Public Debt Clause
Fourteenth Amendment, Section 4: The validity of the public debt of the United States, authorized by law, including debts incurred for payment of pensions and bounties for services in suppressing ins. . .
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46. AppendixAppx.2 Historical Note on Formation of the ConstitutionHistorical Note on Formation of the Constitution In June 1774, the Virginia and Massachusetts assemblies independently proposed an intercolonial meeting of delegates from the several colonies to resto. . .
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